अर्जुन उवाच | एवं सततयुक्ता ये भक्तास्त्वां पर्युपासते | ये चाप्यक्षरमव्यक्तं तेषां के योगवित्तमाः
arjuna uvāca . evaṃ satatayuktā ye bhaktāstvāṃ paryupāsate . ye cāpyakṣaramavyaktaṃ teṣāṃ ke yogavittamāḥ
阿周那说：那些如此恒常专注，虔诚崇拜您的人，以及那些崇拜不朽、无形者的人——他们之中，谁是更精通瑜伽（Yoga）者呢？
Arjuna said Those devotees who, being thus ever dedicated, meditate on You, and those again (who meditate) on the Immutable, the Unmanifested-of them, who are the best experiencers of yoga [(Here) yoga means samadhi, spiritual absorption.] ?
第十二章旨在证明虔信瑜伽（Bhakti Yoga）或奉爱瑜伽比智慧瑜伽（Jnana Yoga）或知识瑜伽容易得多。在虔信瑜伽中，虔信者与主建立亲密关系。他根据自己的性情、喜好和能力，缓慢培养五种情感（Bhavas）之一。这五种情感是：平静崇拜（Santa Bhava）、仆人对主人（Dasya Bhava）、朋友（Sakhya Bhava）、父母对孩子（Vatsalya Bhava）以及爱人对被爱者（Madhurya Bhava）。虔信者对主采取这些情感。最后一种（Madhurya Bhava）是虔信的顶点，它是与主的融合或吸收。虔信者崇拜主，他不断忆念主（Smarana），歌颂主的名号（Kirtana），讲述主的荣耀，重复主的名号，诵念主的曼陀罗（Mantra，Japa），祈祷并俯伏。他聆听主的神圣游戏（Lilas）。他完全、无怨无悔、无条件地自我奉献，获得主的恩典，与主交流，并最终融入主。虔信者从崇拜神的偶像或象征开始，然后进行内在的形相崇拜，最终被引导至对遍在梵（Brahman）的至高崇拜（Para Puja）。“如此”如前一章最后一节所述。“无形者”（Avyaktam）指感官无法理解、超越一切限制性附加物、超越所有局限的无形梵。感官可见的被称为“有形者”（Vyakta）或显现。虔信者的心完全专注于您，他们全心全意地崇拜您。还有一些人崇拜超越时间、空间和因果、无属性、永恒且不可定义、言语和思想无法触及的无形梵。这些人是智慧的圣者。在这两种人——虔信者和知识分子——中，谁是更精通瑜伽（Yoga）者呢？（参见第十一章第55节）
The twelfth discourse goes to prove that Bhakti Yoga or the Yoga of devotion is much easier than Jnana Yoga or the Yoga of knowledge. In Bhakti Yoga the devotee establishes a near and dear relationship with the Lord. He cultivates slowly and one of the five Bhavas (attitudes) according to his temperament? taste and capacity. The five attitudes are the Santa Bhava (the attitutde of peaceful adoration) Dasya Bhava (the attitude of servant towards the master) Sakhya Bhava (the attitude of a friend) Vatsalya Bhava (the attitude of a parent to the child) and Madhurya Bhava (the attitutde of the lover towards the beloved). The devotee adopts these attitudes towards the Lord. The last (Madhurya Bhava) is the culmination of devotion. It is merging or absorption in the Lord.The devotee adores the Lord. He constantly remembers Him (Smarana). He sings His Name (Kirtana). He speaks of His glories. He repeats His Name. He chants His Mantra (Japa). He prays and prostrates himself. He hears His Lilas (divine plays). He does total? ungrudging and unconditional selfsurrender? obtains His grace? hols communion wih? and eventually gets absorbed in Him.The devotee begins by worshipping the idols or the symbols of God. Then he performs internal worship of the Form. Ultimately he is led to the supreme worship of the allpervading Brahman (Para Puja).Thus As declared in the last verse of the previous chapter.Avyaktam The unmanifested? i.e.? incomprehensible to the senses? transcending all limiting adjuncts. The unmanifested Brahman is beyond all limitations. That which is visible to the senses is called Vyakta or manifest.The hearts of the devotees are wholly fixed on Thee. They worship Thee with all their heart and soul.There are others who worship the unmanifested Brahman which is beyond time? space and causation? which is attributeless? which is eternal and indefinable? which is beyond the reach of speech and mind. These are the wise sages.Of these two? the devotees and the men of knowledge -- who are the better knowers of Yoga (Cf.XI.55)