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薄伽梵歌 / 章 17 / 頌 11
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薄伽梵歌 17.11

梵文
印地語
梵文

अफलाङ्क्षिभिर्यज्ञो विधिदृष्टो य इज्यते | यष्टव्यमेवेति मनः समाधाय स सात्त्विकः

音譯

aphalāṅkṣibhiryajño vidhidṛṣṭo ya ijyate . yaṣṭavyameveti manaḥ samādhāya sa sāttvikaḥ

繁體中文

那種依照經典規範,由不希求結果之人所行,並懷著「這確實是義務」的信念而完成的祭祀,是屬於悅性(薩特瓦,Sattva)的。

English

That sacrifice which is in accordance with the injunctions, (and is) performed by persons who do not hanker after results, and with the mental conviction that it is surely obligatory, is done through sattva.

釋義 — 繁體中文

當祭祀以所有應有的悅性儀式、信念和虔誠來進行,絲毫不帶有對回報的渴望,心靈專注於祭祀本身,僅為履行職責而行時,便被稱為本質純淨。此處的祭祀是以無私或無欲(Nishkamya Bhava)的精神進行,作為獲得「阿特曼」(Atman,自性)知識的輔助。這種無私無欲的行為能淨化心靈,為修行者接受神聖之光或自性知識做好準備。一個悅性之人會被其本性驅使去進行此類無私無欲的祭祀,他甚至不關心自己的解脫,只是堅信這些是必須履行的職責。此處的「 यज्ञ 」(Yajna,祭祀)不限於儀式性祭祀,而是廣義指任何無執著、無我執、無回報期望,作為獻給上主的無私行為。

釋義 — English

When a sacrifice is done with all due Sattvic rites? faith and devotion? without the least taint of desire for reward? with the mind fixed on the sacrifice only? for its own sake (for the,sake of discharging the duty only)? then it is said to be pure in its nature. Here the sacrifice is done in a disinterested spirit or with an attitude of desirelessness (Nishkamya Bhava) as an auxiliary to the attainment of the knowledge of the Self. Such selfless and desireless actions purify the mind and prepare the aspirant for the reception of divine light or knowledge of the Self. The Sattvic nature of a man forces him to do such selfless and desireless sacrifices. He does not care even for his own emancipation. He performs them with the firm belief that they ought to be done. He does them with the firm resolve that sacrifice is a duty.Yajna here is not limited to the ceremonial sacrifice. It is used in a broad sense. Any unselfish action done without attachment? without agency or egoism and without expectation of reward? as an offering unto the Lord? is a Yajna or sacrifice.

梵文
繁體中文
English
अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिः
不希求果報之人;यज्ञः — 祭祀;विधिदृष्टः — 依經典規範的;यः — 那;इज्यते — 被獻祭的;यष्टव्यम् — 應當獻祭;एव — 僅僅;इति — 如此;मनः — 心;समाधाय — 專注於;सः — 那;सात्त्विकः — 悅性(Sattvic)或純淨的。
by men desiring no fruit
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17.1阿周那說:「但是,克里希納啊!那些捨棄聖典之法,卻懷著信心祭祀的人,他們的境地究竟是何種?是悅性、變性還是惰性呢?」17.2至尊主說:「眾生之信,由其自性所生,有三種:悅性、變性以及惰性。請聽我說。」17.3婆羅多族裔啊!一切眾生的信心都與其心性相符。此人由信心為主導因素所構成,其信為何,其人即為何。17.4悅性之人祭祀諸天;變性之人祭祀夜叉與羅剎;而其他惰性之人則祭祀餓鬼與諸靈。17.5那些人,充滿虛偽與我慢,並具備貪欲、執著與力量,卻行聖典不許的嚴酷苦行;17.6那些無辨別力之人,折磨著身體內的一切器官,以及同樣居於身體內的我,你要知道他們懷有阿修羅般的決心。17.7食物,對所有人而言都是喜愛的,亦有三種;同樣,祭祀、苦行和布施也有三種。請聽我講述它們的區別。17.8增長壽命、心性堅定、力量、健康、快樂與喜悅,且多汁、油潤、滋養、可口的食物,為悅性(薩特瓦,Sattva)之人所喜愛。17.9苦、酸、鹹、過熱、辛辣、乾澀、灼熱,且會帶來痛苦、悲傷和疾病的食物,為激性(拉賈斯,Rajas)之人所喜愛。17.10未經妥善烹煮、缺乏精華、腐敗變質、隔夜的食物,甚至殘羹剩飯以及不適合祭祀的食物,為惰性(塔瑪斯,Tamas)之人所喜愛。