श्रीभगवानुवाच | त्रिविधा भवति श्रद्धा देहिनां सा स्वभावजा | सात्त्विकी राजसी चैव तामसी चेति तां शृणु
śrībhagavānuvāca . trividhā bhavati śraddhā dehināṃ sā svabhāvajā . sāttvikī rājasī caiva tāmasī ceti tāṃ śṛṇu
至尊主說:「眾生之信,由其自性所生,有三種:悅性、變性以及惰性。請聽我說。」
The Blessed Lord said That faith of the embodied beings, born of their own nature, is threefold-born of sattva, rajas and tamas. Hear about it.
整個世界彷彿是由信心構成的。信心在三種德性(Gunas)的影響下呈現出三重面向。當悅性(Sattva)發展強盛,或當一個人體內悅性或純淨佔主導地位時,他便容易達到自我證悟或對自我的認識。如果變性(Rajas)佔主導,信心便成為活動的工具。如果惰性(Tamas)或怠惰盛行,信心便會被消滅。具備悅性信心的人旨在獲得解脫。具備變性信心的人追求次要職責或世俗活動。具備惰性信心的人則殘忍,他們為祭祀而殺生,召喚亡靈並與鬼魂交談。當信心與悅性結合,它引導至救贖。當變性佔主導,它會給信心染色並導致各種活動。當惰性佔主導,信心則導致黑暗。信心與人的心智相伴時,會獲得不同的品質。心智是多種色彩的事物。正如恆河水因被放入曾盛放酒的容器而受污染,一個有德之人也會因惡友或與惡人持續交往而墮落。三種德性(Gunas)或屬性會給人的信心染色。人的心智受其主導德性或品質的支配,當其他兩種德性被壓制時,它便會顯現。信心根據人的內在本性或傾向,呈現出三重面向。人的傾向是根據其品質或由過去習氣(Samskaras)所生的內在本性塑造的。傾向如何,慾望便如何;慾望如何,行為便如何;行為如何,死後便轉生為何種生命。身體如同樹的種子,是一個永恆的鏈條。種子在發展成樹的過程中消亡,而樹又再次產生種子。這個過程或循環永恆持續。同樣,人獲得身體,從事行為,發展傾向,死亡,然後根據其本性或傾向獲得新的身體。這一直持續到他通過超越三種德性而獲得自我知識,那時無明——生死的根本原因——便被摧毀。信心源於個體的本性,即過去生中善惡行為的習氣(Samskaras)或潛在印記,這些印記在死亡時顯現。在潛意識或心識(Chitta)中,有一個過去印記的儲藏庫,這些印記通過記憶的運作而被喚醒。悅性信心是對神的崇拜,這是悅性的結果。變性信心是對夜叉(Yakshas)和羅剎(Rakshasas)的崇拜,這是變性的結果。惰性信心是對無形靈體和鬼魂的崇拜,這是惰性的結果。信心是生命的主要支撐。它不僅僅是智力上的信念或對教條的盲目接受。你必須清楚地理解它的特徵,就像你從果實辨認樹木,從言語辨認人的心智,從世俗的樂苦辨認前世的行為一樣。自性所生(Svabhavaja)是指其本性中固有的,源於過去的習氣。它(Tam)是指三重信心。
The whole world is made up? as if were? of faith. Faith assumes a threefold aspect under the influence of the three alities. When Sattva is strongly developed? when there is a preponderance of Sattva or purity in a man? it is easy for him to attain Selfrealisation or the knowledge of the Self. If Rajas is predominant? the faith becomes the handmaid of activity. If Tamas or inertia prevails? faith is annihilated.Those who are endowed with Sattvic faith aim at the attainment of liberation. Those who are endowed with Rajasic faith run after inferior duties or worldly activities. Those whose faith is Tamasic are cruel. They kill animals for sacrifice. They invoke the spirits and talk with ghosts. When faith is joined to Sattva? it leads to salvation. When Rajas preponderates? it colours the faith and leads to various activities. When Tamas predominates? the faith results in darkness.Faith acires different alities when it is in company with the mind of man. Mind is a thing of many colours. Just as the water of the Ganga is contaminated by being put in a vessel where lior had been kept? so also a virtuous person is spoiled by bad company or constant association with evil persons. The three Gunas or attributes colour the faith of a man. The mind of a man is governed by the preponderating attribute or ality which manifests itself when the other two alities are suppressed. Faith takes a threefold aspect in accordance with the inherent nature or tendencies of the man. The inclinations of men are moulded according to their ality or inherent nature born of their past Samskaras.As is the tendency? so is the desire as is the desire? so is the action as is the action? so is the birth into another being after death. The body is like the seed of the tree? a perpetual chain. Seed perishes in developing into a tree and the tree again produces the seed. This process or cycle continues eternally. Even so man takes a body? does actions? develops tendencies? dies and puts,on a new body in accordance with the nature or tendencies. This continues till he gets knowledge of the Self by transcending the three Gunas? when ignorance? the root cause of birth and death? is destroyed.Faith is born of the individual nature? i.e.? the Samskaras or the latent impressions of virtuous and vicious actions which were performed in the past births and which manifested themselves at the time of death. In the subconscious mind or the Chitta there is a reservoir of past impressions which are revived through the operation of memory.Sattvic Faith in the worship of gods? which is an effect of Sattva.Rajasic Faith in the worship of the Yakshas and Rakshasas? which is an effect of Rajas.Tamasic Faith in the worship of the disembodied spirits and ghosts? which is an effect of Tamas.Faith is the main support of life. It is not mere intellectual belief or blind acceptance of pet dogmas or doctrines. You must understand clearly its characteristics? just as you recognise a tree from the fruits? the mind of a man from his speech? and the actions of previous birth from worldly pleasures and pains.Svabhavaja Inherent in their nature born of past Samskaras.Tam Of it? referring to the threefold faith.