薄伽梵歌 / 章 17 / 頌 1

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薄伽梵歌 17.1

梵文

印地語

梵文

अर्जुन उवाच | ये शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य यजन्ते श्रद्धयान्विताः | तेषां निष्ठा तु का कृष्ण सत्त्वमाहो रजस्तमः

音譯

arjuna uvāca . ye śāstravidhimutsṛjya yajante śraddhayānvitāḥ . teṣāṃ niṣṭhā tu kā kṛṣṇa sattvamāho rajastamaḥ

繁體中文

阿周那說：「但是，克里希納啊！那些捨棄聖典之法，卻懷著信心祭祀的人，他們的境地究竟是何種？是悅性、變性還是惰性呢？」

English

Arjuna said But, ['But' is used to present a standpoint distinct from the earlier ones understand from 16.23-4.-S.] O Krsna, what is the state [i.e., where do the rites undertaken by them end?] of those who, endued with faith, adore [Adore-perform sacrifices, distribute wealth etc. in honour of gods and others.] by ignoring the injunctions of the scriptures? Is it sattva, rajas or tamas?

釋義 — 繁體中文

本章探討三種不同信仰的人。他們各自依循其內在本性——或悅性（Sattvic）、或變性（Rajasic）、或惰性（Tamasic）——的道路。阿周那對克里希納說：「領會聖典的意義非常困難，要找到一位能教導聖典的靈性導師更是難上加難。絕大多數人並不具備純淨、精微、敏銳且專一的智慧。生命短暫，聖典浩瀚無邊，靈性道路上的障礙重重，學習的機會也並非總能獲得。聖典中存在相互矛盾的陳述，需要加以調和。您曾說，若無聖典知識，便無法獲得解脫。然而，一個普通人，即使對此教誨無知或無法遵循，卻仍懷著信心行善、舉行儀式、崇拜主，並試圖追隨聖賢的足跡，就像孩子模仿寫好的字帖，或盲人藉助有視力者的幫助前行。他們的信心是怎樣的呢？這樣的人的境地應如何描述——是悅性、變性還是惰性？那些沒有聖典知識的信徒，他們的命運又將如何呢？」

釋義 — English

This chapter deals with the three kinds of people who are endowed with three kinds of faith. Each of them follows a path in accordance with his inherent nature -- either Sattvic? Rajasic or Tamasic.Arjuna says to Krishna It is very difficult to grasp the meaning of the scriptures. It is still more difficult to get a spiritual preceptor who can teach the scriptures. The vast majority of persons are not endowed with a pure? subtle? sharp and onepointed intellect. The span of life is short. The scriptures are endless. The obstacles on the spiritual path are many. Facilities for learning are not always available.There are conflicting statements in the scriptures which have to be reconciled. Thou hast said that liberation is not possible without a knowledge of the scriptures. An ordinary man? though ignorant of or unable to follow this teaching? does charity? performs rituals? worships the Lord with faith? tries to follow the footsteps of sages and saints just as a child copies letters that have been written out for him as a model? or as a blind man makes hiw way by the aid of another who possesses sight. What faith is his How should the state of such a man be described -- Sattvic? Rajasic or Tamasic What is the fate of the believers who have no knowledge of the scriptures

梵文
繁體中文
English

ये

誰；शास्त्रविधिम् — 聖典的訓示；उत्सृज्य — 捨棄；यजन्ते — 舉行祭祀；श्रद्धया — 懷著信心；अन्विताः — 具備的；तेषाम् — 他們的；निष्ठा — 境地/狀態；तु — 確實；का — 何種；कृष्ण — 噢，克里希納；सत्त्वम् — 悅性（Sattva）；आहो — 或者；रजः — 變性（Rajas）；तमः — 惰性（Tamas）。

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17.2至尊主說：「眾生之信，由其自性所生，有三種：悅性、變性以及惰性。請聽我說。」17.3婆羅多族裔啊！一切眾生的信心都與其心性相符。此人由信心為主導因素所構成，其信為何，其人即為何。17.4悅性之人祭祀諸天；變性之人祭祀夜叉與羅剎；而其他惰性之人則祭祀餓鬼與諸靈。17.5那些人，充滿虛偽與我慢，並具備貪欲、執著與力量，卻行聖典不許的嚴酷苦行；17.6那些無辨別力之人，折磨著身體內的一切器官，以及同樣居於身體內的我，你要知道他們懷有阿修羅般的決心。17.7食物，對所有人而言都是喜愛的，亦有三種；同樣，祭祀、苦行和布施也有三種。請聽我講述它們的區別。17.8增長壽命、心性堅定、力量、健康、快樂與喜悅，且多汁、油潤、滋養、可口的食物，為悅性（薩特瓦，Sattva）之人所喜愛。17.9苦、酸、鹹、過熱、辛辣、乾澀、灼熱，且會帶來痛苦、悲傷和疾病的食物，為激性（拉賈斯，Rajas）之人所喜愛。17.10未經妥善烹煮、缺乏精華、腐敗變質、隔夜的食物，甚至殘羹剩飯以及不適合祭祀的食物，為惰性（塔瑪斯，Tamas）之人所喜愛。17.11那種依照經典規範，由不希求結果之人所行，並懷著「這確實是義務」的信念而完成的祭祀，是屬於悅性（薩特瓦，Sattva）的。