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神圣经典

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薄伽梵歌章节

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薄伽梵歌 / 章 17 / 颂 19
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薄伽梵歌 17.19

梵文
印地语
梵文

मूढग्राहेणात्मनो यत्पीडया क्रियते तपः | परस्योत्सादनार्थं वा तत्तामसमुदाहृतम्

音译

mūḍhagrāheṇātmano yatpīḍayā kriyate tapaḥ . parasyotsādanārthaṃ vā tattāmasamudāhṛtam

简体中文

那以愚昧的执念,通过折磨自身,或者为了毁灭他人而实践的苦行,被称为惰性(塔玛斯)的。

English

That austerity which is undertaken with a foolish intent, by causing pain to oneself, or for the destruction of others-that is said to be born of tamas.

释义 — 简体中文

这种苦行源于无知和愚昧,其行为方式包括对身体施加极度痛苦,例如用硫磺烧头、用铁钩刺肉、倒吊于火上吸烟、浸泡在冰冷的水中,或以五火苦行(四面点火,以太阳为第五火)等方式折磨身体。这些惰性苦行无法帮助行者获得真我(阿特曼)的知识。

释义 — English

Some burn sulphur in a pot and place it on their head. Some thrust hooks of iron into their flesh. Some hang themselves with their head downwards over fire and swallow smoke. Some stand in cold water immersed up to the neck. Some torture the body by lighting fires on the four sides (with the sun as the fifth fire -- this is known as the Panchagni Tapas). Some sit in the centre of a circle of fire. Such austerities are Tamasic. These will not help one to attain knowledge of the Self.

梵文
简体中文
English
मूढग्राहेण (mūḍhagrāheṇa)
出于愚昧的执念;आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) — 自身的;यत् (yat) — 哪种;पीडया (pīḍayā) — 以折磨;क्रियते (kriyate) — 被实践;तपः (tapaḥ) — 苦行;परस्य (parasya) — 他人的;उत्सादनार्थम् (utsādanārtham) — 为了毁灭的目的;वा (vā) — 或者;तत् (tat) — 那;तामसम् (tāmasam) — 惰性(塔玛斯)的;उदाहृतम् (udāhṛtam) — 被称为。
out of a foolish notion
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17.1阿周那说:噢,奎师那,那些舍弃经典教诲,却怀着信仰进行祭祀的人,他们的境况究竟如何呢?是悦性、变性,还是惰性呢?17.2至尊主说:众生之信仰,源于其自身本性,分为三种——悦性、变性与惰性。请听我细说。17.3噢,婆罗多族裔,众生的信仰皆与其心性相符。人由信仰构成,其信仰为何,他便为何。17.4悦性之人祭祀天神;变性之人祭祀夜叉和罗刹;而其他惰性之人则祭祀饿鬼和鬼众。17.5那些人,充满虚伪与我慢,并被欲望、执着和力量所驱使,行持经典未曾认可的严酷苦行;17.6那些无辨别力之人,折磨身体内的所有器官,甚至折磨居于身体内的我,须知他们是具有阿修罗般决心(魔性信念)的。17.7食物对所有人而言有三种喜好,祭祀(Yajña)、苦行(Tapas)和布施(Dāna)亦是如此。请听我讲述它们的分类。17.8增长寿命、心性坚定、力量、健康、快乐与喜悦,且多汁、油润、滋养、宜人的食物,为悦性(萨特瓦)之人所喜爱。17.9苦、酸、咸、过热、辛辣、干涩、灼烧,并带来痛苦、悲伤和疾病的食物,为变性(拉贾斯)之人所喜爱。17.10未妥善烹煮、缺乏精华、腐败变质、隔夜的食物,以及残羹剩饭和不洁净、不宜祭祀的食物,为惰性(塔马斯)之人所喜爱。