薄伽梵歌 18.53

小我（Egoism）：将真我（Atman）与身体等同。这是将物质身体误认为纯粹不朽真我（Atman）的错误。巴拉姆（Balam）：指与激情、欲望和执著结合或联合的力量，而非肉体或其他力量。肉体力量是自然的，不可能放弃这种肉体力量。达尔帕姆（Darpam）：傲慢、无礼、自我主张的拉贾斯（Rajasic）狂热，这伴随着狂喜的状态。当一个人拥有财富或渊博学识时，他会变得傲慢。当他变得傲慢时，他会违背达尔玛（Dharma）并做恶事。求道者甚至放弃了维持身体所需的基本物品。他成为一个帕拉玛汉萨-帕里瓦拉贾卡（Paramahamsa-Parivrajaka），一个游方或巡回的苦行僧。他对自己的身体没有执著。他知道甚至身体也不属于他。香塔（Santa）：平和、宁静、安详。这样一位对真我（Atman）知识有虔诚之心，并具备上述美德的求道者，便能成为梵（Brahman）。

Egoism Identifying the Self with the body? etc. This is the error of mistaking the physical body for the pure immortal Self.Balam That strength which is combined or united with passion? desire and attachment? and not the physical or other strength. Physical strength is natural. It is not possible to abandon this physical strength.Darpam Arrogance? insolence? selfassertive Rajasic vehemence this follows the state of exaltion.,Man becomes arrogant when he possesses wealth or much learning. When he becomes arrogant he violates Dharma and does wicked deeds.The aspirant even abandons the things which are necessary for the bare maintenance of the body. He becomes a ParamahamsaParivrajaka? a wandering or itinerant ascetic. He has no attachment to his body. He knows that even the body does not belong to him.Santa Peaceful? tranil? serene.Such an aspirant who has devotion to Selfknowledge? and who is endowed with the above virtues is fit to become Brahman.