ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं परिज्ञाता त्रिविधा कर्मचोदना | करणं कर्म कर्तेति त्रिविधः कर्मसंग्रहः
jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ parijñātā trividhā karmacodanā . karaṇaṃ karma karteti trividhaḥ karmasaṃgrahaḥ
La connaissance, l'objet de la connaissance et le connaisseur – voilà la triple impulsion à l'action. La compréhension des actions se divise en trois catégories : les instruments, l'objet et l'agent.
Knowledge, the object the knowledge and the knower-this is the threefold inducement to action. The comprehension of actions comes under three heads-the instruments, the object and the subject.
La connaissance, le connaisseur et la chose à connaître forment ensemble la graine de ce monde. C'est ce qu'on appelle la Triputi ou la triade. C'est la conjonction de ces trois éléments qui pousse l'homme à une triple action : mentale, verbale et physique. Cette triade est la force motrice de toutes les activités humaines. L'Antahkaraṇa (l'instrument intérieur) comprend le mental, l'intellect, le subconscient et l'égoïsme. L'âme individuelle, propulsée par les cinq sens, est conduite à l'activité. Elle agit à l'aide des cinq organes d'action. Cette triade forme la triple impulsion à toute action en général. L'accomplissement d'une action pour obtenir ou éviter quelque chose n'est possible que par la conjonction de la connaissance, du connaissable et du connaisseur. L'organe (karaṇa) est ce par quoi quelque chose est fait. L'agent (kartā) est celui qui met les organes en mouvement et agit. Toutes les actions résident dans ces trois éléments (l'organe, l'agent et l'action elle-même) et sont donc considérées comme formant la base ou les triples constituants de l'action.
Knowledge? the knower and the thing to be known? are together the seed of this world. This is known as the Triputi or the traid. It is the conjunction of these three that impels a man to threefold action? viz.? mental? verbal and physical. This triad is the driving force of all the activities of man. He rejoices at the sight of palatable sweetmeats and delicious fruits but is terrified at the sight of a cobra or tiger. The sight of pleasant or unpleasant objects affects him and he attempts either to possess the agreeable objects or to avoid the disagreeable ones.The Antahkarana (the inner instrument) consists of the mind? intellect? subconscious mind and egoism. The ear? the skin? the tongue? the nose and the eye are the five organs of knowledge. The individual soul? propelled by these five senses? is led into activity. He does actions with the help of the five organs of action? viz.? speech? hands? feet? genitals and anus.Jnanam Any knowledge knowledge in general knowledge of worldly objects? etc.Jneyam The object to be known objects in general.Parijnata The knower? the experiencer or the enjoyer? putting on the nature of the limiting adjuncts? a creature of ignorance.This triad forms the threefold impulse to all action? to action in general. The performance of an action in order to get a thing or to avoid an object is possible only when there is the conjunction of the three? viz.? knowledge? knowable and knower.Karanam The organ That by which something is done. The actions done by the five causes of action? viz.? the body? etc.? which are grouped under the three classes according to their respective seats? viz.? mind? speech and body? are all due to the interplay of the organ? etc.Karta The agent or the doer he who sets the organs in motion or action and puts on the nature of the limiting adjunct or vehicle in which he acts. All actions inhere in these three (the organ? the doer and the action itself) and they are? therefore? said to form the basis or the threefold constituents of action.As action? the various factors of action and the fruits are all made up of the Gunas? the Lord describes them in the following verses.