अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोधस्त्यागः शान्तिरपैशुनम् | दया भूतेष्वलोलुप्त्वं मार्दवं ह्रीरचापलम्
ahiṃsā satyamakrodhastyāgaḥ śāntirapaiśunam . dayā bhūteṣvaloluptvaṃ mārdavaṃ hrīracāpalam
La non-violence, la véracité, l'absence de colère, le renoncement, la paix intérieure, l'absence de médisance, la compassion envers les êtres, la non-convoitise, la douceur, la modestie, l'absence d'agitation ;
Non-injury, truthfulness, absence of anger, renunciation, control of the internal organ, absence of vilification, kindness to creatures, non-covetousness, gentleness, modesty, freedom from restlessness;
Ce verset continue la liste des qualités divines (Daivī Sampat) essentielles pour le chemin spirituel. La non-violence (ahiṃsā) est la non-nuisance en pensée, parole et action, freinant les forces du rajas. La véracité (satyam) est dire les choses telles qu'elles sont, sans blesser. L'absence de colère (akrodhaḥ) est la capacité à rester calme même sous la plus grave provocation. Le renoncement (tyāgaḥ) implique l'abandon des vāsanā (tendances latentes), de l'égoïsme et des fruits de l'action. La paix intérieure (śāntiḥ) est la sérénité de l'esprit. L'absence de médisance (apaiśunam) est l'absence de mesquinerie. La compassion (dayā) envers tous les êtres reflète la réalisation de l'unité. La non-convoitise (aloluptvam) signifie que les sens ne sont pas affectés par les objets sensoriels. La douceur (mārdavam), la modestie (hrīḥ) et l'absence d'agitation (acāpalam) complètent ces vertus, qui sont particulièrement associées aux Brāhmaṇa et sont des qualités sattviques menant à la libération.
Ahimsa Noninjury in thought? word and deed. By refraining from injuring living creatures the outgoing forces of Rajas are curbed. Ahimsa is divided into physical? verbal and mental.Satyam Truth Speaking of things as they are? without uttering unpleasant words or lies. This includes selfrestraint? absence of jealousy? forgiveness? patience? endurance and kindness.Akrodhah Absence of anger when insulted? ruked or beaten? i.e.? even under the gravest provocation.Tyagah Renunciation -- literally? giving up giving up of Vasanas? egoism and the fruits of action. Charity is also Tyaga. This has already been mentioned in the previous verse.Santih Serenity of the mind.Apaisunam Absence of narrowmindedness.Daya Compassion to those who are in distress. A man of compassion has a tender heart. He lives only for the benefit of the world. Compassion indicates realisation of unity or oneness with other creatures.Aloluptvam Noncovetousness. The senses are not affected or excited when they come in contact with their respective objects the senses are withdrawn from the objects of the senses? just as the limbs of the tortoise are withdrawn by it into its own shell.Hrih It is shame felt in the performance of actions contrary to the rules of the Vedas or of society.Achapalam Not to speak or move the hands and legs in vain avoidance of useless action.Straightforwardness? noninjury? absence of anger? etc.? are special alities of the Brahmanas. They are the Sattvic virtues which belong to them.Moreover --