ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं परिज्ञाता त्रिविधा कर्मचोदना | करणं कर्म कर्तेति त्रिविधः कर्मसंग्रहः
jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ parijñātā trividhā karmacodanā . karaṇaṃ karma karteti trividhaḥ karmasaṃgrahaḥ
ജ്ഞാനം, ജ്ഞേയമായത്, അറിയുന്നവൻ – ഇതാണ് കർമ്മത്തെ പ്രേരിപ്പിക്കുന്ന ത്രിവിധമായ ചോദന. കരണം (ഉപകരണം), കർമ്മം (പ്രവൃത്തി), കർത്താവ് (ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ) എന്നിങ്ങനെ കർമ്മത്തിന്റെ ശേഖരം മൂന്നുവിധമാണ്.
Knowledge, the object the knowledge and the knower-this is the threefold inducement to action. The comprehension of actions comes under three heads-the instruments, the object and the subject.
അറിവ്, അറിയപ്പെടേണ്ട വസ്തു, അറിയുന്നവൻ എന്നിവ ചേർന്നതാണ് കർമ്മത്തെ പ്രേരിപ്പിക്കുന്ന മൂന്ന് ഘടകങ്ങൾ. ഈ മൂന്നിന്റെയും സംയോജനമാണ് ഒരു വ്യക്തിയെ മാനസികവും വാചികവും ശാരീരികവുമായ ത്രിവിധ കർമ്മങ്ങളിലേക്ക് നയിക്കുന്നത്. കർമ്മം, കർമ്മം ചെയ്യാനുള്ള ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ, കർമ്മം ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ എന്നിങ്ങനെ കർമ്മത്തിന്റെ അടിസ്ഥാനവും മൂന്നുവിധത്തിൽ വർഗ്ഗീകരിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു.
Knowledge? the knower and the thing to be known? are together the seed of this world. This is known as the Triputi or the traid. It is the conjunction of these three that impels a man to threefold action? viz.? mental? verbal and physical. This triad is the driving force of all the activities of man. He rejoices at the sight of palatable sweetmeats and delicious fruits but is terrified at the sight of a cobra or tiger. The sight of pleasant or unpleasant objects affects him and he attempts either to possess the agreeable objects or to avoid the disagreeable ones.The Antahkarana (the inner instrument) consists of the mind? intellect? subconscious mind and egoism. The ear? the skin? the tongue? the nose and the eye are the five organs of knowledge. The individual soul? propelled by these five senses? is led into activity. He does actions with the help of the five organs of action? viz.? speech? hands? feet? genitals and anus.Jnanam Any knowledge knowledge in general knowledge of worldly objects? etc.Jneyam The object to be known objects in general.Parijnata The knower? the experiencer or the enjoyer? putting on the nature of the limiting adjuncts? a creature of ignorance.This triad forms the threefold impulse to all action? to action in general. The performance of an action in order to get a thing or to avoid an object is possible only when there is the conjunction of the three? viz.? knowledge? knowable and knower.Karanam The organ That by which something is done. The actions done by the five causes of action? viz.? the body? etc.? which are grouped under the three classes according to their respective seats? viz.? mind? speech and body? are all due to the interplay of the organ? etc.Karta The agent or the doer he who sets the organs in motion or action and puts on the nature of the limiting adjunct or vehicle in which he acts. All actions inhere in these three (the organ? the doer and the action itself) and they are? therefore? said to form the basis or the threefold constituents of action.As action? the various factors of action and the fruits are all made up of the Gunas? the Lord describes them in the following verses.