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薄伽梵歌 / 章 18 / 頌 9
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薄伽梵歌 18.9

梵文
印地語
梵文

कार्यमित्येव यत्कर्म नियतं क्रियतेऽर्जुन | सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलं चैव स त्यागः सात्त्विको मतः

音譯

kāryamityeva yatkarma niyataṃ kriyate.arjuna . saṅgaṃ tyaktvā phalaṃ caiva sa tyāgaḥ sāttviko mataḥ

繁體中文

亞爾諸那啊!凡是僅因其為應盡之責而履行的「尼亞塔」(Niyata)行為,捨棄了執著與果報,那樣的捨棄,被認為是「悅性」(Sattvic)的。

English

Whatever obligatory duty is performed just because it is a bounden duty, O Arjuna, by giving up attachment and the result as well,-that renunciation is considered to be based on sattva.

釋義 — 繁體中文

一個純淨本性的人,會根據自身能力和固有本性,履行其應盡的行為。他不會因自己是這些行為的執行者而感到驕傲,也不會期望從中獲得任何好處。無知之人可能會認為,履行義務行為能透過自我淨化並避免疏忽或不履行之罪,為執行者帶來果報。這種思想和對回報的期望也必須捨棄。本詩節讚揚了捨棄行為果報的行為。當一個人無我、無私、無我執地履行義務行為時,他的心靈便會得到淨化;他的「內心」(Antahkarana)會為接受神聖之光或「自性」(Self)知識的覺醒做好準備。他會逐漸變得適合「知識瑜伽」(JnanaNishtha)。尋求解脫的修行者應準備好承受身體上的痛苦。所有自我約束和自我犧牲的行為都伴隨著身體上的痛苦。這再次是《薄伽梵歌》的核心教義:履行你的職責,不帶執著和自私的慾望。

釋義 — English

A man of pure nature performs actions that have fallen to his lot in accordance with his capacity and his inherent nature. He is not filled with the pride that he is the performer of such actions nor does he hope for any gain therefrom.An ignorant man may think that the obligatory duties may produce their fruits for the performer by causing selfpurification and preventing the sin of omission or nonperformance. This sort of thinking and expectation of rewards also must be abandoned. Abandonment of the rewards of actions is praised in this verse.When a man does obligatory duties without agency and with unselfishness and egolessness his,mind is purified? his Antahkarana is prepared for the reception of the divine light or the dawn of Selfknowledge. He gradually becomes fit for devotion to knowledge (JnanaNishtha).The aspirant or seeker after liberation should be prepared to undergo physical sufferings. All acts of selfdiscipline and selfsacrifice entail physical suffering.This? again? is the central teaching of the Gita -- do your duty without attachment and selfish desires.

梵文
English
कार्यम्
ought to be done
इति
thus
एव
even
यत्
which
कर्म
action
नियतम्
obligatory
क्रियते
is performed
अर्जुन
O Arjuna
सङ्गम्
attachment
त्यक्त्वा
abandoning
फलम्
fruit
च
and
एव
even
सः
that
त्यागः
abandonment
सात्त्विकः
Sattvic (pure)
मतः
is regarded.
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18.1阿周那(Arjuna)說道:噢,大臂者赫利希凱沙(Hrsikesa),噢,凱西(Kesi)惡魔的殺戮者,我希望分別了解「捨棄」(Sannyasa)與「放棄」(Tyaga)的真諦。18.2至尊主說道:智者們將「捨棄」(Sannyasa)視為放棄帶有獎賞慾望的行為。賢者們則稱放棄所有行為的結果為「放棄」(Tyaga)。18.3一些哲學家認為,行為因其帶有過失而應被放棄;而另一些人則說,祭祀、佈施與苦行等行為不應被捨棄。18.4噢,婆羅多(Bharata)後裔中最優秀者,請聽我關於「放棄」(Tyaga)的堅定結論。噢,人中之虎,確實,「放棄」已被明確宣稱為三種類型。18.5祭祀、佈施與苦行等行為不應被捨棄;它們確實應當被實踐。祭祀、佈施與苦行,確實是智者的淨化之道。18.6但是,噢,波利塔(Partha),即使這些行為,也必須在捨棄執著和對結果的渴望下進行。這是我的堅定且最上乘的結論。18.7捨棄義務性行為(Niyata Karma)是不恰當的。若因迷惑而放棄這些行為,則被宣稱為出於「塔瑪斯」(Tamas)愚昧本性。18.8凡是因其痛苦,或因懼怕身體勞苦而捨棄的行為,那人所行的捨棄,是屬於「羅闍」(Rajas)性的捨棄,必不能獲得捨棄的果報。18.10捨棄者,若其心充滿「悅性」(Sattva),具備智慧且疑慮已斷,他不厭惡不合宜的行為,也不執著於合宜的行為。18.11對於一個執持身體的眾生而言,要完全捨棄所有行為是不可能的;因此,那捨棄行為果報的人,才被稱為「捨棄者」(Tyagi)。