अध्यात्मज्ञाननित्यत्वं तत्त्वज्ञानार्थदर्शनम् | एतज्ज्ञानमिति प्रोक्तमज्ञानं यदतोऽन्यथा
adhyātmajñānanityatvaṃ tattvajñānārthadarśanam . etajjñānamiti proktamajñānaṃ yadato.anyathā
對自性知識的堅定不移，對實相知識目標的沉思——這被稱為知識。與此相反的，就是無明。
Steadfastness in the knowledge of the Self, contemplation on the Goal of the knowledge of Reality-this is spoken of as Knowledge. Ignorance is that which is other than this.
解脫的聖者對自性（Atman）有著恆常的覺知。他知道唯有自性（Atman）的知識是永恆的，所有其他與此世相關的學問都是無明。他知道引導至自性（Atman）實相的知識才是唯一的真理。這些始於謙卑的特質被宣稱為知識，因為它們有助於知識的獲得，是通往知識的途徑。它們是知識的次要或輔助原因。這種自性（Atman）知識的果實是從生死的輪迴中解脫。靈性追求者應當時刻牢記知識的終極目標。唯有如此，他才會努力培養各種有助於獲得自性（Atman）知識的美德。與知識相對立的，即貪欲、憤怒、貪婪、驕傲、虛偽、執著、狡猾、權謀、傷害他人等，都是無明。這些由無明產生的邪惡特質將人束縛於輪迴（Samsara）之中。如果你希望獲得自性（Atman）的知識，就必須根除這些阻礙解脫之路的邪惡特質。如果你培養相反的美德，邪惡特質將會自行消亡，就像花園中缺乏水分的植物會自行枯萎一樣。透過與邪惡特質對抗來根除它們是很困難的。
The liberated sage has constant awareness of the Self. He knows that knowledge of the Self alone is permanent and all other learning relating to this world is ignorance. He knows that the knowledge which leads to the realisation of the Self is the only truth.These attributes beginning with humility are declared to be knowledge? because they are conducive to knowledge they are the means to knowledge. They are secondary or auxiliary causes of knowledge. The fruit of this knowledge of the Self is deliverance from the round of births and deaths. The spiritual aspirant should always keep the end of knowledge in view. Only then will he attempt to develop the various virtues which are conducive to the attainment of knowledge of the Self. What is opposed to knowledge? viz.? lust? anger? greed? pride? hypocrisy? attachment? cunningness? diplomacy? injuring others? is ignorance. These evil traits which are the products of ignorance bind a man to Samsara. If you wish to attain the knowledge of the Self you will have to eradicate these evil traits which stand as stumbling blocks on the path of salvation. If you cultivate the opposite virtues? the evil traits will die by themselves just as the plants which are deprived of water in a garden die by themselves. It is difficult to eradicate the evil traits by fighting against them.