薄伽梵歌 / 章 13 / 颂 1

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薄伽梵歌 13.1

梵文

印地语

梵文

अर्जुन उवाच | प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव क्षेत्रं क्षेत्रज्ञमेव च | एतद्वेदितुमिच्छामि ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं च केशव

音译

arjuna uvāca . prakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ caiva kṣetraṃ kṣetrajñameva ca . etadveditumicchāmi jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ ca keśava

简体中文

阿周那说：奎师那啊，我希望了解原质、神我、场、场的知者，以及知识和应知。

English

Swami Gambhirananda has not translated this sloka. Many editions of the Bhagavadgita do not contain this sloka, including the commentary by Sankaracharya. If this sloka is included, the total number of slokas in the Bhagavadgita is 701.

释义 — 简体中文

在《薄伽梵歌》的这一部分，阿周那向奎师那提出了关于宇宙根本要素的深刻问题。他渴望深入理解物质（原质）与精神（神我）的区别，以及身体（场）与其中意识（场的知者）的本质。此外，他还想知道什么是真正的知识，以及什么是值得被认识的终极真理。这些问题为第十三章关于“场与场的知者”的教导奠定了基础，旨在揭示个体灵魂与至尊灵魂的同一性。

释义 — English

In some of the books you will not find this verse. If you include this verse also? the number of verses of the Bhagavad Gita will come to 701. Some commentators look upon this verse as an interpolation.We have come to the beginning of the third section of the Gita. Essentially the same knowledge is taught in this section but there are more details.This discourse on Kshetra (matter) is commenced with a view to determine the essential nature of the possessor of the two Prakritis (Natures)? the lower and the higher? described in chapter VII? verses 4 and 5.In the previous discourse a description of the devotee who is dear to the Lord is given from verse 13 to the end. Now the estion arises What sort of knowledge of Truth should he possess The answer is given in this discourse.Nature is composed of the three alities. It transforms itself into the body? senses and the sensual objects to serve the two purposes of the individual soul? viz.? Bhoga (enjoyment) and Apavarga (liberation).The Gita is divided into three sections illustrative of the three words of the Mahavakya or Great Sentence of the Sama Veda -- TatTvamAsi (That thou art). In accordance with this view the first six chapters deal with the path of action or Karma Yoga and the nature of the thou (TvamPada). The next six chapters explain the path of devotion or Bhakti Yoga and the nature of That (TatPada). The last six chapters treat of the path of knowledge or Jnana Yoga and the nature of the middle term art (AsiPada) which establishes the identity of the individual and the Supreme Soul (Jiva Brahma Aikyam).Arjuna now wishes to know in detail the difference between Prakriti and Purusha (Matter and Spirit). He desires to have a discriminative knowledge of the difference between them.

梵文
简体中文
English

प्रकृतिम्

原质；पुरुषम् — 神我（或灵魂）；च — 和；एव — 甚至；क्षेत्रम् — 场；क्षेत्रज्ञम् — 场的知者；एव — 甚至；च — 和；एतत् — 这；वेदितुम् — 去了解；इच्छामि — 我希望；ज्ञानम् — 知识；ज्ञेयम् — 应知；च — 和；केशव — 奎师那啊。

the Prakriti (matter)

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13.2至尊主说：昆提之子啊，此身被称为“场域”（kṣetra）。那些深谙此道者，称知晓此“场域”者为“场域知晓者”（kṣetrajña）。13.3巴拉特后裔啊，须知在所有“场域”中，我即是“场域知晓者”（kṣetrajña）。我认为，对“场域”及其“场域知晓者”的认知，即是真正的知识（jñāna）。13.4请从我这里简要听闻，那“场域”是什么，它如何，它的变化（vikāra）是什么，以及何种原因产生何种结果；还有那“场域知晓者”是谁，祂的力量（prabhāva）又是什么。13.5众仙人（Ṛṣi）以多种方式歌颂，各种吠陀经文（Chandas）也分别阐述，更有那些充满理据、确凿无疑的《梵经》（Brahma Sūtra）语句，也对此有所指示。13.6大元素（Mahābhūta）、我执（Ahaṃkāra）、理智（Buddhi）以及未显化（Avyakta）本身；十个感官（Indriya）和一个心意，以及五种感官对象（Indriyagocara）。13.7欲望（Icchā）、厌恶（Dveṣa）、快乐（Sukha）、痛苦（Duḥkha）、聚合体（Saṃghāta）、知觉（Cetanā）、坚毅（Dhṛti）——这“场域”连同其变化（vikāra），已简要阐述。13.8谦逊（Amānitvam）、不虚伪（Adambhitvam）、不伤害（Ahiṃsā）、宽容（Kṣānti）、正直（Ārjavam）；侍奉上师（Ācāryopāsanam）、纯净（Śaucam）、坚定（Sthairyam）、自制（Ātmavinigrahaḥ）。13.9对感官对象（Indriyārtha）的无执（Vairāgyam），以及无我执（Anahaṃkāra）；洞察生、死、老、病、苦（Duḥkha）中的过患。13.10对子女、妻子、家庭等不执著（Asakti）和无依恋（Anabhiṣvaṅga）；以及在得失顺逆（iṣṭāniṣṭa）中，心意恒常保持平等（Samacittatvam）。13.11对我以不二瑜伽（Ananya Yoga）的坚定不移的虔敬（Bhakti）；乐于独处清净之地，不喜人群喧嚣。