ज्ञानकर्मसन्न्यासयोग
42 節
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
至福の主が言われた。「私はこの不朽のヨーガをヴィヴァスヴァーンに授けた。ヴィヴァスヴァーンはこれをマヌに教え、マヌはイクシュヴァークに伝えた。」
至福の主が言われた。「私はこの不朽のヨーガをヴィヴァスヴァーンに授けた。ヴィヴァスヴァーンはこれをマヌに教え、マヌはイクシュヴァークに伝えた。」
このようにして代々受け継がれてきたこのヨーガを、王仙たちは知っていた。おお、敵を焼き尽くす者よ、そのヨーガは長い時の経過によって、この世で失われてしまった。
その古きヨーガ、まさにこのヨーガを、私は今日、あなたに教えた。なぜなら、あなたは私の信愛者であり、友であるからだ。このヨーガは、まことに最高の秘密であるからだ。
アルジュナが言った。「あなたの誕生は後であり、ヴィヴァスヴァーンの誕生は以前でした。あなたが最初に彼に教えたということを、私はどのように理解すればよいのでしょうか？」
至福の主が言われた。「おお、アルジュナよ、私の多くの生が過ぎ去り、あなたもまたそうである。私はそれらすべてを知っているが、おお、敵を焼き尽くす者よ、あなたは知らない。」
私は不生であり、不滅の自己を持ち、すべての存在の主であるにもかかわらず、私自身のプラクリティ（根源的自然）を支配し、私自身のマーヤー（幻力）によって生まれる。
おお、バーラタよ、ダーマ（法）の衰退があり、アダーマ（不法）の隆盛があるとき、その時、私は自己を現す。
善なる者たちを保護し、悪しき者たちを滅ぼし、そしてダーマ（法）を確立するために、私は時代ごとに生まれる。
He who thus knows truly the divine 生 and 行動s of Mine does not get rirth after casting off 身体. He attains Me, O Arjuna.
Many who were devoid of 執着, fear and anger, who were absorbed in Me, who had taken refuge in Me, and were purified by the austerity of 知識, have attained My state.
According to the manner in which they approach Me, I favour them in that very manner. O son of Partha, human beings follow My path in every way.
Longing for the fruition of 行動s (of their rites and duties), they worship the gods here. For, in the human world, success from 行動 comes ickly.
The four castes have been created by Me through a classification of the gunas and duties. Even though I am the agent of that (act of classification), still know Me to be a non-agent and changeless.
行動s do not taint Me; for Me there is no hankering for the results of 行動s. One who knows Me thus, does not become bound by 行動s.
Having known thus, duties were performed even by the ancient seekers of 解脱. Thererfore you undertake 行動 itself as was performed earlier by the ancient ones.
Even the intelligent are confounded as to what is 行動 and what is in行動. I shall tell you of that 行動 by knowing which you will become free from evil.
For there is something to be known even about 行動, and something to be known about prohibited 行動; and something has to be known about in行動. The true nature of 行動 is inscrutable.
He who finds in行動 in 行動, and 行動 in in行動, he is 賢者たち one [Possessed of the 知識 of Brahman] among men; he is engaged in yoga and is a performer of all 行動s!
賢者たち call him learned whose 行動s are all devoid of desires and their thougts, [Kama-sankalpa is variously translated as 'desires and purposes', 'plans and desires for results', 'hankering for desires', etc. But Sankarcarya shows sankalpa as the cause of kama. -Tr.] and whose 行動s have been burnt away by the fire of wisdom.
Having given up 執着 to the results of 行動, he who is ever-contented, dependent on nothing, he really does not do anything even though engaged in 行動.
One who is without solicitation, who has 心 and organs under control, (and) is totally without possessions, he incurs no sin by performing 行動s merely for the (maintenance of the) body.
Remaining satisfied with what comes unasked for, having transcended the dualities, being free from spite, and eipoised under success and failure, he is not bound even by performing 行動s.
Of the liberated person who has got rid of 執着, whose mind is fixed in 知識, 行動s undertaken for a sacrifice get totally destroyed.
The ladle is Brahman [Some translate as 'Brahman is the ladle৷৷.,' etc.-Tr.], the oblations is Brahman, the offering is poured by Brahman in the fire of Brahman. Brahman alone is to be reached by him who has concentration on Brahman as the objective [As an object to be known and attained. (Some translate brahma-karma-samadhina as, 'by him who sees Brahman in 行動'.)
Other yogis undertake sacrifice to gods alone, Others offer 自己, as a sacrifice by 自己 itself, in the fire of Brahman.
Others offer the organs, viz ear etc., in the fires of self-control. Others offer the objects, viz sound etc., in the fires of the organs.
Others offer all the activities of the organs and the activities of the vital force into the fire of ヨーガ of sel-control which has been lighted by 知識.
Similarly, others are performers of sacrifices through wealth, through austerity, through yoga, and through study and 知識; others are ascetics with severe vows.
Constantly practising control of the vital forces by stopping the movements of the outgoing and the incoming breaths, some offer as a sacrifice the outgoing breath in the incoming breath; while still others, the incoming breath in the outgoing breath.
Others, having their food regulated, offer the vital forces in the vital forces. All of them are knowers of 祭祀 and have their sins destroyed by sacrifice.
Those who partake of the nectar left over after a sacrifice, reach the eternal Brahman. This world ceases to exist for one who does not perform sacrifices. What to speak of the other (world), O best among the Kurus (Arjuna)!
Thus, various kinds of sacrifices lie spread at the mouth of ヴェーダ. Know them all to be born of 行動. Knowing thus, you will become liberated.
Swami Gambirananda did not comment on this sloka
Know that through prostration, iniry and service. 賢者たち ones who have realized the Truth will impart the 知識 to you.
Knowing which, O Pandava (Arjuna), you will not come under delusion again in this way, and through which you will see all beings without exception in 自己 and also in Me.
Even if you be the worst sinner among all sinners, still you will cross over all the wickedness with the raft of 知識 alone.
O Arjuna, as a blazing fire reduces pieces of wood to ashes, similarly the fire of 知識 reduces all 行動s to ashes.
Indeed, there is nothing purifying here comparable to 知識. One who has become perfected after a (long) time through yoga, realizes That by himself in his own heart.
The man who has faith, is diligent and has control over the organs, attains 知識. Achieving 知識, one soon attains supreme 平和.
One who is ignorant and faithless, and has a doubting mind perishes. Neither this world nor the next nor 幸福 exists for one who has a doubting mind.
O Dhananjaya (Arjuna), 行動s do not bind one who has renounced 行動s through yoga, whose doubt has been fully dispelled by 知識, and who is not inadvertent.
Therefore, O scion of the Bharata dyasty, take recourse to yoga and rise up, cutting asunder with the sword of 知識 this doubt of your own in the heart, arising from タマス（無知）.