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Bhagavad Gita / Chapter 18 / Verse 11
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Bhagavad Gita 18.11

Sanskrit
Hindi
Sanskrit

न हि देहभृता शक्यं त्यक्तुं कर्माण्यशेषतः | यस्तु कर्मफलत्यागी स त्यागीत्यभिधीयते

Transliteration

na hi dehabhṛtā śakyaṃ tyaktuṃ karmāṇyaśeṣataḥ . yastu karmaphalatyāgī sa tyāgītyabhidhīyate

English

Since it is not possible for one who holds on to a body to give up actions entirely, therefore he, on the other hand, who renounces results on actions is called a man of renunciation.

हिन्दी

क्योंकि देहधारी पुरुष के द्वारा अशेष कर्मों का त्याग संभव नहीं है, इसलिए जो कर्मफल त्यागी है, वही पुरुष त्यागी कहा जाता है।।

Explanation — English

He who has assumed a human body and yet grumbles at having to perform actions is verily a fool. Can fire that is endowed with heat as its natural property ever think of getting rid of it So long as you are living in this body you cannot entirely relinish action. Lord Krishna says to Arjuna Nor can anyone? even for an instant remain actionless for helplessly is everyone driven to action by the alities born of Nature (Cf.III.5). Nature (and your own nature? too) will urge you to do actions. You will have to abandon the idea of agency and the fruits of actions. Then you are ite safe. No action will bind you.The ignorant man who identifies himself with the body and who thinks that he is himself the doer of all actions should not abandon actions. It is impossible for him to relinish actions. He will have to perform all the prescribed duties while relinishing their fruits.Dehabhrita A wearer of the body An embodied being? i.e.? he who identifies himself with the body. A man who has discrimination between the Real and the unreal? the Eternal and the transient? cannot be called a bodywearer? because he does not think that he is the doer of actions -- vide chapter II.21 (He who knows Him Who is indestructible? eternal? unborn? undiminishing -- how can that man slay? O Arjuna? or cause to be slain).When the ignorant man who is alified for action does the prescribed duties? relinishing the desire for the fruits of his actions? he is called a Tyagi? although he is active. This title Tyagi is given to him for the sake of courtesy.The relinishment of all actions is possible only for him who has attained Selfrealisation and who is? therefore? not a wearer of the body? i.e.? does not hink that the body is the Self. (Cf.III.5)

Explanation — हिन्दी

कोई भी देहधारी जीवित प्राणी चाहे वह एक कोषीय जीव ही क्यों न हो समस्त कर्मों का त्याग नहीं कर सकता। कर्म तो जीवन का प्रतीक या लक्षण है। कर्म ही जीवनरूपी पुष्प की सुगन्ध है जहाँ कर्म नहीं है? वहाँ जीवन समाप्त समझा जाता है। कुछ कर्म किये बिना रहना भी अपने आप में एक कर्म ही है। शारीरिक और मानसिक क्रियाएं मरण पर्यन्त होती ही रहती हैं।अत हम देहधारियों को कर्म करने चाहिए या नहीं? ऐसा विकल्प ही संभव नहीं होता। परन्तु हमको कौन से कर्म और किस प्रकार उन्हें करना चाहिए? इस विषय में अवश्य ही विकल्प संभव है। गीता के उपदेशानुसार हमको अपने कर्तव्य कर्म ईश्वरार्पण की भावना से करने चाहिए।अज्ञानी जन देहादि अनात्म उपाधियों को ही अपना स्वरूप समझकर उसमें आसक्त होते हैं तथा उनके कर्मों का कर्ता भी स्वयं को ही मानते हैं। अत ऐसे लोग सात्त्विक त्याग नहीं कर पाते हैं। भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण का ऐसे लोगों को यह उपदेश है कि उनको कमसेकम कर्मफलों की आसक्ति त्याग कर कर्मों का आचरण परिश्रम? उत्साह एवं कुशलता के साथ करना चाहिए। कर्मफलत्यागी पुरुष ही वास्तव में त्यागी है? न कि कर्मों को त्यागने वाला व्यक्ति।इस त्याग का क्या प्रयोजन है सुनो

Sanskrit
English
न
not
हि
verily
देहभृता
by an embodied being
शक्यम्
possible
त्यक्तुम्
to abandon
कर्माणि
actions
अशेषतः
entirely
यः
who
तु
but
कर्मफलत्यागी
relinisher of the fruits of actions
सः
he
त्यागी
relinisher
इति
thus
अभिधीयते
is called.
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More from Chapter 18

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18.1Arjuna said O mighty-armed Hrsikesa, O slayer of (the demon) Kesi, I want to know serverally the truth about sannyasa as also about tyaga.18.2The Blessed Lord said The learned ones know sannyasa to be the giving up of actions done with a desire for reward. The adepts call the abandonment of the results of all works as tyaga.18.3Some learned persons say that action, beset with evil (as it is), should be given up, and others (say) that the practice of sacrifice, charity and austertiy should not be given up.18.4O the most excellent among the descendants of Bharata, hear from Me the firm conclusion regarding that tyaga. For, O greatest among men, tyaga has been clearly declared to be of three kinds.18.5The practice of sacrifice, charity and austerity is not to be abandoned; it is surely to be undertaken. Sacrifice, charity and austerity are verily the purifiers of the wise.18.6But even these actions have to be undertaken by renouncing attachment and (hankering for) results. This is My firm and best conclusion, O Parhta.18.7The abandoning of daily obligatory acts (nityakamas) is not justifiable. Giving up that through delusion is declared to be based on tamas.18.8Whatever action one may relinish merely as being painful, from fear of physical suffering, he, having resorted to renunciation based on rajas, will surely not acire the fruits of renunciation.18.9Whatever obligatory duty is performed just because it is a bounden duty, O Arjuna, by giving up attachment and the result as well,-that renunciation is considered to be based on sattva.18.10The man of renunciation who has become imbued with sattva, who is wise and freed from doubts, does not hate unbefitting action, nor does he become attached to befitting activity.