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Bhagavad Gita / Chapter 13 / Verse 1
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Bhagavad Gita 13.1

Sanskrit
Hindi
Sanskrit

अर्जुन उवाच | प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव क्षेत्रं क्षेत्रज्ञमेव च | एतद्वेदितुमिच्छामि ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं च केशव

Transliteration

arjuna uvāca . prakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ caiva kṣetraṃ kṣetrajñameva ca . etadveditumicchāmi jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ ca keśava

English

Swami Gambhirananda has not translated this sloka. Many editions of the Bhagavadgita do not contain this sloka, including the commentary by Sankaracharya. If this sloka is included, the total number of slokas in the Bhagavadgita is 701.

हिन्दी

अर्जुन ने कहा -- हे केशव ! मैं, प्रकृति और पुरुष, क्षेत्र और क्षेत्रज्ञ तथा ज्ञान और ज्ञेय को जानना चाहता हूँ।।

Explanation — English

In some of the books you will not find this verse. If you include this verse also? the number of verses of the Bhagavad Gita will come to 701. Some commentators look upon this verse as an interpolation.We have come to the beginning of the third section of the Gita. Essentially the same knowledge is taught in this section but there are more details.This discourse on Kshetra (matter) is commenced with a view to determine the essential nature of the possessor of the two Prakritis (Natures)? the lower and the higher? described in chapter VII? verses 4 and 5.In the previous discourse a description of the devotee who is dear to the Lord is given from verse 13 to the end. Now the estion arises What sort of knowledge of Truth should he possess The answer is given in this discourse.Nature is composed of the three alities. It transforms itself into the body? senses and the sensual objects to serve the two purposes of the individual soul? viz.? Bhoga (enjoyment) and Apavarga (liberation).The Gita is divided into three sections illustrative of the three words of the Mahavakya or Great Sentence of the Sama Veda -- TatTvamAsi (That thou art). In accordance with this view the first six chapters deal with the path of action or Karma Yoga and the nature of the thou (TvamPada). The next six chapters explain the path of devotion or Bhakti Yoga and the nature of That (TatPada). The last six chapters treat of the path of knowledge or Jnana Yoga and the nature of the middle term art (AsiPada) which establishes the identity of the individual and the Supreme Soul (Jiva Brahma Aikyam).Arjuna now wishes to know in detail the difference between Prakriti and Purusha (Matter and Spirit). He desires to have a discriminative knowledge of the difference between them.

Explanation — हिन्दी

गीता की अनेक पाण्डुलिपियों में यह श्लोक नहीं मिलता है? जबकि कुछ अन्य हस्तलिपियों में यह अर्जुन की जिज्ञासा के रूप में दिया हुआ है।प्रकृति और पुरुष भारतीय सांख्य दर्शन के प्रणेता कपिल मुनि जी ने जड़ और चेतन तत्त्वों का निर्देश क्रमश प्रकृति और पुरुष इन दो शब्दों से किया है। इन दोनों के संयोग से ही उस सृष्टि का निर्माण हुआ है इन्हें अर्जुन जानना चाहता है।क्षेत्र और क्षेत्रज्ञ इन दो शब्दों का अर्थ इस अध्याय की प्रस्तावना में स्पष्ट किया गया है।ज्ञान और ज्ञेय इस अध्याय में ज्ञान शब्द से तात्पर्य उस शुद्धान्तकरण से हैं? जिसके द्वारा ही आत्मतत्त्व का अनुभव किया जा सकता है। यह आत्मा ही ज्ञेय अर्थात् जानने योग्य वस्तु है।अर्जुन की इस जिज्ञासा के उत्तर को जानना सभी साधकों को लाभदायक होगा।

Sanskrit
English
प्रकृतिम्
the Prakriti (matter)
पुरुषम्
the Purusha (Spirit or Soul)
च
and
एव
even
क्षेत्रम्
the field
क्षेत्रज्ञम्
the knower of the field
एव
even
च
and
एतत्
this
वेदितुम्
to know
इच्छामि (I)
wish
ज्ञानम्
knowledge
ज्ञेयम्
what ought to be known
च
and
केशव
O Kesava.
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13.2The Blessed Lord said O son of Kunti, this body is referred to as the 'field'. Those who are versed in this call him who is conscious of it as the 'knower of the field'.13.3And, O scion of the Bharata dynasty, under-stand Me to be the 'Knower of the field' in all the fields. In My opinion, that is Knowledge which is the knowlege of th field and the knower of the field.13.4Hear from Me in brief about (all) that as to what that field is and how it is; what its changes are, and from what cause arises what effect; and who He is, and what His powers are.13.5It has been sung of in various ways by the Rsis, separately by the different kinds [The different branches of Vedic texts.] of Vedic texts, and also by the rational and convicing sentences themselves which are indicatvie of and lead of Brahman.13.6The great elements, egoism, intellect and the Unmanifest itself; the ten organs and the one, and the five objects of the senses;13.7Desire, repulsion, happiness, sorrow, the aggregate (of body and organs), sentience, fortitude- this field, together with its modifications, has been spoken of briefly.13.8Humility, unpretentiousness, non-injury, for-bearance, sincerity, service of the teacher, cleanliness, steadiness, control of body and organs;13.9Non-attachment with regard to objects of the senses, and also absence of egotism; seeing the evil in birth, death, old age, diseases and miseries;13.10Non-attachment and absence of fondness with regard to sons, wives, homes, etc., and constant eanimity of the mind with regard to the attainment of the desirable and the undesirable;13.11And unwavering devotion to Me with single-minded concentration; inclination to repair into a clean place; lack of delight in a crowd of people;