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Bhagavad Gita / Chapter 8 / Verse 25
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Bhagavad Gita 8.25

English
Sanskrit
Hindi
Sanskrit

धूमो रात्रिस्तथा कृष्णः षण्मासा दक्षिणायनम् | तत्र चान्द्रमसं ज्योतिर्योगी प्राप्य निवर्तते

Transliteration

dhūmo rātristathā kṛṣṇaḥ ṣaṇmāsā dakṣiṇāyanam . tatra cāndramasaṃ jyotiryogī prāpya nivartate

English

Smoke, night, as also the dark fortnight and the six months of the Southern solstice-following this Path the yogi having reached the lunar light, returns.

हिन्दी

धूम, रात्रि, कृष्णपक्ष और दक्षिणायन के छः मास वाले मार्ग से चन्द्रमा की ज्योति को प्राप्त कर, योगी (संसार को) लौटता है।।

Explanation — English

This is the Pitriyana or the path of darkness or the path of the ancestors which leads to rirth. Those who do sacrifices to the gods and other charitable works with expectation of reward go to the Chandraloka through this path and come back to this world when the fruits of the Karmas are exhausted.Smoke? night time? the dark fortnight and the six months of the southern solstice are all deities who preside over them. They may denote the degree of ignorance? attachment and passion. There are smoke and darkcoloured objects throughout the course. There is no illumination when one passes along this path. It is reached by ignorance. Hence it is called the path of darkness or smoke.

Explanation — हिन्दी

पुनरावृत्ति के मार्ग को पितृयाण (पितरों का मार्ग) कहते हैं। इसका अधिष्ठाता देवता है चन्द्रमा जो जड़ पदार्थ जगत् का प्रतीक है। जो लोग उपासनारहित पुण्य कर्मों को जिनमें समाज सेवा तथा यज्ञयागादि कर्म सम्मिलित हैं करते हैं वे मरणोपरान्त पितृलोक को प्राप्त होते हैं जिसे प्रचलित भाषा में स्वर्ग कहते हैं। पुण्यकर्मों के फलस्वरूप प्राप्त इस स्वर्गलोक में विषयोपभोग करने पर जब पुण्यकर्म क्षीण हो जाते हैं तब इन स्वर्ग के निवासियों को अपनी अवशिष्ट वासनाओं के अनुसार उचित शरीर को धारण करने के लिए पुनः संसार में आना पड़ता है। उस देह में ही उनकी वासनाएं व्यक्त एवं तृप्त हो सकती हैं।धूम रात्रि कृष्णपक्ष और दक्षिणायन ये सब पितृलोक प्राप्ति का मार्ग बताने वाले हैं।चन्द्रमा जड़ पदार्थ का प्रतीक और विषयोपभोग का अधिष्ठाता है। उसके अनुग्रह से कुछ काल तक स्वर्ग सुख भोगने के पश्चात् जीव को पुनः र्मत्यलोक में आना पड़ता है।संक्षेप में इन दो श्लोकों में यह बताया गया है कि निःश्रेयस की प्राप्ति के लिए प्रयत्नशील साधक परम लक्ष्य को प्राप्त होता है और भोग की कामना करने वाला पुरुष भोग के पश्चात् पुनः शरीर को धारण करता है जहाँ वह चाहे तो अपना उत्थान अथवा पतन कर सकता है।विषय का उपसंहार करते हुए भगवान् कहते हैं --

Sanskrit
English
धूमः
smoke
रात्रिः
night
तथा
also
कृष्णः
the dark (fortnight)
षण्मासाः
the six months
दक्षिणायनम्
the southern path of the sun
तत्र
there
चान्द्रमसम्
lunar
ज्योतिः
light
योगी
the Yogi
प्राप्य
having attained
निवर्तते
returns.
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More from Chapter 8

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8.1Swami Gambirananda did not comment on this sloka8.2O Madhusudana, how, and who, is the entity existing in the sacrifice here in this body? And at the time of death, how are You to be known by people of concentrated minds?8.3The Blessed Lord said The Immutable is the supreme Brahman; self-hood is said to the entity present in the individual plane. By action is meant the offerings which bring about the origin of the existence of things.8.4The which exists in the physical plane is the mutable entity, and what exists in the divine plane is the Person. O best among the embodied beings, I Myself am the entity that exists in the sacrifice in this body.8.5And at the time of death, anyone who departs by giving up the body while thinking of Me alone, he attains My state. There is no doubt about this.8.6O son of Kunti, thinking of any entity whichever it may be one gives up the body at the end, he attains that very one, having been always engrossed in its thought.8.7Therefore, think of Me at all times and fight. There is no doubt that by dedicating your mind and intellect to Me, you will attain Me alone.8.8O son of Prtha, by meditating with a mind which is engaged in the yoga of practice and which does not stray away to anything else, one reaches the supreme Person existing in the effulgent region.8.9He who meditates on the Omniscient, the Anceint, the Ruler, subtler than the subtle, the Ordainer of everything, of inconceivable form, effulgent like the sun, and beyond darkness-(he attains the supreme Person).8.10At the time of death, having fully fixed the Prana (vita force) between the enrows with an unswering mind, and being imbued with devotion as also the strength of concentration, he reaches that resplendent supreme person.