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Bhagavad Gita / Chapter 17 / Verse 11
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Bhagavad Gita 17.11

Sanskrit
Hindi
Sanskrit

अफलाङ्क्षिभिर्यज्ञो विधिदृष्टो य इज्यते | यष्टव्यमेवेति मनः समाधाय स सात्त्विकः

Transliteration

aphalāṅkṣibhiryajño vidhidṛṣṭo ya ijyate . yaṣṭavyameveti manaḥ samādhāya sa sāttvikaḥ

English

That sacrifice which is in accordance with the injunctions, (and is) performed by persons who do not hanker after results, and with the mental conviction that it is surely obligatory, is done through sattva.

हिन्दी

जो यज्ञ शास्त्रविधि से नियन्त्रित किया हुआ तथा जिसे "यह मेरा कर्तव्य है" ऐसा मन का समाधान (निश्चय) कर फल की आकांक्षा नहीं रखने वाले लोगों के द्वारा किया जाता है, वह यज्ञ सात्त्विक है।।

Explanation — English

When a sacrifice is done with all due Sattvic rites? faith and devotion? without the least taint of desire for reward? with the mind fixed on the sacrifice only? for its own sake (for the,sake of discharging the duty only)? then it is said to be pure in its nature. Here the sacrifice is done in a disinterested spirit or with an attitude of desirelessness (Nishkamya Bhava) as an auxiliary to the attainment of the knowledge of the Self. Such selfless and desireless actions purify the mind and prepare the aspirant for the reception of divine light or knowledge of the Self. The Sattvic nature of a man forces him to do such selfless and desireless sacrifices. He does not care even for his own emancipation. He performs them with the firm belief that they ought to be done. He does them with the firm resolve that sacrifice is a duty.Yajna here is not limited to the ceremonial sacrifice. It is used in a broad sense. Any unselfish action done without attachment? without agency or egoism and without expectation of reward? as an offering unto the Lord? is a Yajna or sacrifice.

Explanation — हिन्दी

प्रस्तुत खण्ड में यह दर्शाया गया है कि किस प्रकार मनुष्यों के कर्मों में भी उसके स्वभाव की सुरूपता और कुरूपता स्पष्ट होती है।अफलाकांक्षिभि सात्त्विक पुरुषों के यज्ञ कर्म सदैव फलासक्ति से रहित और निस्वार्थ भाव से किये जाते हैं। फल की प्राप्ति भविष्य में ही होती है? और इसलिए वर्तमान समय में उनकी चिन्ता करने में अपनी क्षमताओं को क्षीण करना अविवेक का ही लक्षण है।शास्त्रविधि से नियत किया हुआ वेदों में कर्मों का वर्गीकरण चार भागों में किया गया है। (1) काम्य कर्म अर्थात् व्यक्तिगत लाभ को लिए कामना से प्रेरित होकर किया गया कर्म? (2) निषिद्ध कर्म? (3) नित्य कर्म और (4) नैमित्तिक अर्थात् किसी निमित्त वशात् करने योग्य कर्म। इनमें से प्रथम दो प्रकार के कर्मों को त्यागना चाहिए तथा शेष कर्मों का पालन करना चाहिए। नित्य और नैमित्तिक कर्मों को ही सम्मिलित रूप में कर्तव्य कर्म कहते हैं। यह शास्त्रविधान है। तमोगुणी लोग शास्त्रविधि का सर्वथा उल्लंघन करते हैं? परन्तु सत्त्वगुणी लोग उसका सम्मान करते हैं।यह मेरा कर्तव्य है सदाचारी पुरुष सदा अपने कर्मों को केवल कर्तव्य की भावना से ही करते हैं। अत उन्हें फल की चिन्ता कभी नहीं होती है। इस प्रकार व्यर्थ में वे अपनी शक्तियों का अपव्यय नहीं होने देते। वे अपनी स्वरूपभूत शान्ति में स्थित रहते हैं। सात्त्विक पुरुष को इसी बात की प्रसन्नता होती है कि वह समाज कल्याण के उपयोगी कर्म कर सकता है। ऐसे कर्म ही सात्त्विक कहलाते हैं।

Sanskrit
English
अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिः
by men desiring no fruit
यज्ञः
sacrifice
विधिदृष्टः
as enjoined by the ordinance
यः
which
इज्यते
is offered
यष्टव्यम्
ought to be offered
एव
only
इति
thus
मनः
the mind
समाधाय
having fixed
सः
that
सात्त्विकः
Sattvic or pure.
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17.1Arjuna said But, ['But' is used to present a standpoint distinct from the earlier ones understand from 16.23-4.-S.] O Krsna, what is the state [i.e., where do the rites undertaken by them end?] of those who, endued with faith, adore [Adore-perform sacrifices, distribute wealth etc. in honour of gods and others.] by ignoring the injunctions of the scriptures? Is it sattva, rajas or tamas?17.2The Blessed Lord said That faith of the embodied beings, born of their own nature, is threefold-born of sattva, rajas and tamas. Hear about it.17.3O scion of the Bharata dynasty, the faith of all beings is in accordance with their minds. This person is made up of faith as the dominant factor. He is verily what his faith is.17.4Those having the sattva ality worship the gods; those having rajas, the demi-gods and ogres; and other people possessed of tamas worship ghosts and the hosts of spirits.17.5Those persons who, given to ostentation and pride, and possessed of passion, attachment and strength, undertake severe austerities not sanctioned in the scriptures;17.6(And who,) being non-discriminating, torture, all the organs in the body as also even Me who reside in the body,-know them as possessed of demoniacal conviction.17.7Food also, which is dear to all, is of three kinds; and so also are sacrifices, austerity and charity. Listen to this classification of them.17.8Foods that augment life, firmless of mind, strength, health, happiness and delight, and which are succulent, oleaginous, substantial and agreeable, are dear to one endowed with sattva.17.9Foods that are bitter, sour, salty, very hot, pungent, dry and burning, and which production pain, sorrow and disease, are dear to one having rajas.17.10Food which is not properly cooked, lacking in essence, putrid and stale, and even ort and that which is unfit for sacrifice, is dear to one possessed of tamas.