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Bhagavad Gita / Chapter 17 / Verse 10
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Bhagavad Gita 17.10

Sanskrit
Hindi
Sanskrit

यातयामं गतरसं पूति पर्युषितं च यत् | उच्छिष्टमपि चामेध्यं भोजनं तामसप्रियम्

Transliteration

yātayāmaṃ gatarasaṃ pūti paryuṣitaṃ ca yat . ucchiṣṭamapi cāmedhyaṃ bhojanaṃ tāmasapriyam

English

Food which is not properly cooked, lacking in essence, putrid and stale, and even ort and that which is unfit for sacrifice, is dear to one possessed of tamas.

हिन्दी

अर्धपक्व, रसरहित, दुर्गन्धयुक्त, बासी, उच्छिष्ट तथा अपवित्र (अमेध्य) अन्न तामस जनों को प्रिय होता है।।

Explanation — English

Cannabis indica (Ganja)? Bhang? opium? cocaine? Charas? Chandoo? all stale and putrid articles? are Tamasic.Yatayamam Stale? literally means cooked three hours ago. Yatayamam and Gatarasam mean the same thing.Paryushitam Rotten The cooked food which has been kept overnight.Uchchishtam What is left on the plate after a meal.The man whose taste is of a Tamasic nature will eat food in the afternoon that has been cooked on the previous day. He also likes that which is halfcooked or burnt to a cinder. He and all the members of his family sit together and eat from the same dish or plate? food that has been mixed into a mess by his children.The food eaten by Tamasic people is stale? dry? without juice? unripe or overcooked. They do not relish it? till it begins to rot and ferment. They take prohibited foods and drinks. They take liors? fermented toddy? etc. They are horrible people with devilish tendencies.

Explanation — हिन्दी

यातयाम कालगणना की प्राचीन पद्धति के अनुसार एक दिन को आठ यामों में विभाजित किया जाता है। प्रति याम तीन घंटे का होता है। इसलिए तीन घंटे पूर्व पकाया गया अन्न यातयाम कहलाता है? जो भोजन के योग्य नहीं समझा जाता। वैसे इस शब्द का अर्थ बासी अन्न हो सकता है? परन्तु इसी श्लोक में पर्युषित अर्थात् बासी अन्न का स्वतन्त्र उल्लेख किया गया है अत यहाँ इसका दूसरा अर्थ अर्धपक्व अन्न समझना चाहिए।गतरस अधिक समय बीत जाने पर अन्न का रस समाप्त हो जाता है? परन्तु तामसी लोगों को यही अन्न रुचिकर लगता है। दक्षिण भारत में चावल को पकाकर रातभर जल में भिगोकर रखते हैं और दूसरे दिन उसे खाते हैं। यद्यपि अनेक लोगों को वह अन्न रुचिकर लगता है? परन्तु वह बासी और रसहीन होने से तामस भोजन ही कहलायेगा। सम्भवत उत्तर भारत में? बासी रोटी खायी,जाती हो।पूति तमोगुणी लोगों को दुर्गन्धयुक्त आहार स्वादिष्ट लगता है? जबकि अन्य लोगों को वह दुर्गन्ध असह्य होती है।पर्युषित (बासी) रात भर का रखा हुआ अन्न बासी कहलाता है। इसमें हम मादक द्रव्यों को भी समाविष्ट कर सकते हैं। तामसी लोगों को मद्यपानादि प्रिय होता है। अत्यन्त अज्ञानी और निम्न संस्कृति के घृणित व्यक्तियों को अशुद्ध? अपवित्र तथा उच्छिष्ट (जूठा? त्यागा हुआ) भोजन प्रिय होता है। अब? त्रिविध यज्ञों का वर्णन करते हैं

Sanskrit
English
यातयामम्
state
गतरसम्
tasteless
पूति
putrid
पर्युषितम्
rotten
च
and
यत्
which
उच्छिष्टम्
refuse
अपि
also
च
and
अमेध्यम्
impure
भोजनम्
food
तामसप्रियम्
liked by the Tamasic.
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17.1Arjuna said But, ['But' is used to present a standpoint distinct from the earlier ones understand from 16.23-4.-S.] O Krsna, what is the state [i.e., where do the rites undertaken by them end?] of those who, endued with faith, adore [Adore-perform sacrifices, distribute wealth etc. in honour of gods and others.] by ignoring the injunctions of the scriptures? Is it sattva, rajas or tamas?17.2The Blessed Lord said That faith of the embodied beings, born of their own nature, is threefold-born of sattva, rajas and tamas. Hear about it.17.3O scion of the Bharata dynasty, the faith of all beings is in accordance with their minds. This person is made up of faith as the dominant factor. He is verily what his faith is.17.4Those having the sattva ality worship the gods; those having rajas, the demi-gods and ogres; and other people possessed of tamas worship ghosts and the hosts of spirits.17.5Those persons who, given to ostentation and pride, and possessed of passion, attachment and strength, undertake severe austerities not sanctioned in the scriptures;17.6(And who,) being non-discriminating, torture, all the organs in the body as also even Me who reside in the body,-know them as possessed of demoniacal conviction.17.7Food also, which is dear to all, is of three kinds; and so also are sacrifices, austerity and charity. Listen to this classification of them.17.8Foods that augment life, firmless of mind, strength, health, happiness and delight, and which are succulent, oleaginous, substantial and agreeable, are dear to one endowed with sattva.17.9Foods that are bitter, sour, salty, very hot, pungent, dry and burning, and which production pain, sorrow and disease, are dear to one having rajas.17.11That sacrifice which is in accordance with the injunctions, (and is) performed by persons who do not hanker after results, and with the mental conviction that it is surely obligatory, is done through sattva.