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Bhagavad Gita / Chapter 4 / Verse 37
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Bhagavad Gita 4.37

English
Sanskrit
Hindi
Sanskrit

यथैधांसि समिद्धोऽग्निर्भस्मसात्कुरुतेऽर्जुन | ज्ञानाग्निः सर्वकर्माणि भस्मसात्कुरुते तथा

Transliteration

yathaidhāṃsi samiddho.agnirbhasmasātkurute.arjuna . jñānāgniḥ sarvakarmāṇi bhasmasātkurute tathā

English

O Arjuna, as a blazing fire reduces pieces of wood to ashes, similarly the fire of Knowledge reduces all actions to ashes.

हिन्दी

जैसे प्रज्जवलित अग्नि ईन्धन को भस्मसात् कर देती है,  वैसे ही,  हे अर्जुन ! ज्ञानरूपी अग्नि सम्पूर्ण कर्मों को भस्मसात् कर देती है।।

Explanation — English

Just as the sees that are roasted cannot germinate? so also the actions that are burnt by the fire of knowledge cannot bear fruits? i.e.? cannot bring man to this world again for the enjoyment of the fruits of his actions. This is reducing actions to ashes. The actions lose their potency as they are burnt by the fire of knowledge. When the knowledge of the Self dawns? all actions with their results are burnt by the fire of that knowledge just as fuel is burnt by the fire. When there is no agencymentality (the idea I do this)? when there is no desire for the fruits? action is no action at all. It has lost its potency. The fire of knowledge can burn all actions except the Prarabdha Karma? or the result of the past action which has brought this body into existence and which has thus already begun to bear fruits or produce effects.According to some philosophers even the Prarabdha Karma is destroyed by the fire of knowledge. Sri Sankara says in his AparokshanubhutiIn the passage his actions are destroyed when the Supreme is realised the Veda expressly speaks of actions (Karmas) in the plural? in order to signify the destruction of even the Prarabdha.There are three kinds of Karmas or reaction to or fructification of past actions (1) Prarabdha? so much of the past actions as has given rise to the present birth? (2) Sanchita? the balance of the past actions that will give rise to future births -- the storehouse of accumulated actions? and (3) Agami or Kriyamana? acts being done in the present life. If by the knowledge of the Self only the Sanchita and Agami were destroyed and not Prarabdha? the dual number would have been used and not the plural. (Sanskrit grammar has singular? dual and plural numbers). (Cf.IV.1019)

Explanation — हिन्दी

यह दृष्टान्त सुपरिचित तथा अत्यन्त उपयुक्त है। ईन्धन की लकड़ियों का आकारप्रकार या रंग कुछ भी हो जब उन्हें अग्निकुण्ड में डाला जाता है तब सब का अन्तिम परिणाम एक ही होता है भस्म। उस भस्म के ढेर से हम विभिन्न लकड़ियों की राख को अलगअलग नहीं कर सकते। उनका मूलरूप सर्वथा नष्ट हो जाता है। इसी प्रकार पाप और पुण्य जो भी और जितने भी कर्म हैं वे सब ज्ञानाग्नि में भस्मीभूत हो जाते है। उनका पूर्व का कार्यकारण रूप नष्ट हो जाता है।कर्म फल प्रदान करते हैं। परन्तु सभी कर्म एक साथ ही फलदायी नहीं हो सकते। नियमानुसार जब वे परिपक्व हो जाते हैं तभी उनका फल प्राप्त होने लगता हैं। अनादि काल से जीव कर्तृत्व का अभिमान करके अनेक कर्मों को करता आ रहा है। इसीलिये उसे अनेक प्रकार के शरीर भी धारण करने पड़ते हैं। इन कर्मों का फलोपभोग आवश्यक होता है।शास्त्रों में इन कर्मों का वर्गीकरण तीन भागों में किया गया है (क) संचितअर्जित किये कर्म जो अभी फलदायी नहीं हुए हैं (ख) प्रारब्ध जिन्होंने फल देना प्रारम्भ कर दिया है तथा (ग) आगामी अर्थात् जिन कर्मों का फल भविष्य में मिलेगा। इस श्लोक में सब कर्मों से तात्पर्य संचित और आगामी कर्मों से है।इसलिये

Sanskrit
English
यथा
as
एधांसि
fuel
समिद्धः
blazing
अग्निः
fire
भस्मसात्कुरुते
reduces to ashes
अर्जुन
O Arjuna
ज्ञानाग्निः
fire of knowledge
सर्वकर्माणि
all actions
भस्मसात्कुरुते
reduces to ashes
तथा
so.
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4.1The Blessed Lord said I imparted this imperishable Yoga to Vivasvan, Vivasvan taught this to Manu, and Manu transmitted this to Iksavaku.4.2The king-sages knew this (yoga) which was received thus in regular succession. That Yoga, O destroyer of foes, in now lost owing to a long lapse of time.4.3That ancient Yoga itself, which is this, has been taught to you by Me today, considering that you are My devotee and friend, For, this (Yoga) is a profound secret.4.4Arjuna said Your birth was later, (whereas) the birth of Vivasvan was earlier. How am I to understand this that You instructed (him) in the beginning?4.5The Blessed Lord said O Arjuna, many lives of Mine have passed, and so have yours. I know them all, (but) you know not, O scorcher of enemies!4.6Though I am birthless, undecaying by nature, and the Lord of beings, (still) by subjugating My Prakriti, I take birth by means of My own Maya.4.7Whenever there is a decline in righteousness and a rise in unrighteousness, O Arjuna, at that time I manifest Myself.4.8For the protection of the pious, the destruction of the evil-doers, and establishing virtue, I manifest Myself in every age.4.9He who thus knows truly the divine birth and actions of Mine does not get rirth after casting off the body. He attains Me, O Arjuna.4.10Many who were devoid of attachment, fear and anger, who were absorbed in Me, who had taken refuge in Me, and were purified by the austerity of Knowledge, have attained My state.