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Bhagavad Gita / Chapter 14 / Verse 17
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Bhagavad Gita 14.17

Sanskrit
Hindi
Sanskrit

सत्त्वात्सञ्जायते ज्ञानं रजसो लोभ एव च | प्रमादमोहौ तमसो भवतोऽज्ञानमेव च

Transliteration

sattvātsañjāyate jñānaṃ rajaso lobha eva ca . pramādamohau tamaso bhavato.ajñānameva ca

English

From sattva is born knowledge [Knowledge acired through the sense-organs.], and from rajas, verily, avarice. From tamas are born inadvertence and delusion as also ignorance, to be sure.

हिन्दी

सत्त्वगुण से ज्ञान उत्पन्न होता है। रजोगुण से लोभ तथा तमोगुण से प्रमाद, मोह और अज्ञान उत्पन्न होता है।।

Explanation — English

From Sattva When Sattva becomes predominant. Sattva awakesn knowledge just as the sun causes daylight. Sattva enlightens the intellect.Greed is insatiable like fire. Greed brings misery and pain. Greed is born of Rajas. Rajas creates insatiable desire. Rajas makes one blind to the interests and the feelings of others. A Rajasic man treats others as tools to be utilised for his own selfadvancement or selfaggrandisement.Tamas produces shortsightedness? torpor and ignorance. A Tamasic man does not think a bit of the future conseences. He completely identifies himself with the body and begins to fight with people if they injure his body or speak ill of him. He is ready to do any sinful act in retaliation. He has no sense of proportion and no sense of balance or poise.

Explanation — हिन्दी

मन और बुद्धि के रंगमञ्च पर प्रवेश करने पर ये तीन गुण जिस भूमिका का निर्वाह करते हैं? उसका निर्देश इस श्लोक में किया गया है। इनका विस्तृत वर्णन पहले किया जा चुका है।सत्त्वगुण से ज्ञान उत्पन्न होता है स्वयं चैतन्यस्वरूप आत्मा में विषयों का अभाव होने से उसका किसी विषय को जानने का प्रश्न ही नहीं उठता। किन्तु चैतन्य से युक्त अन्तकरण की बुद्धिवृत्तियों विषयों को प्रकाशित करती है। यदि अन्तकरण शुद्ध और शान्त अर्थात् सात्त्विक हो तो उसकी ज्ञानक्षमता अधिक होती है। ऐसे शुद्ध मन के द्वारा ही नित्यशुद्धबुद्धमुक्त आत्मा का अपरोक्षानुभव हो सकता है।रजोगुण से लोभ तथा तज्जनित अनेक प्रकार की स्वार्थमूलक प्रवृत्तियां और विक्षेप उत्पन्न होते हैं।तमोगुण से प्रमाद? मोह और अज्ञान उत्पन्न होते हैं। विषय को किसी प्रकार से भी नहीं जानना अज्ञान है? जब कि दो वस्तुओं या कर्मों में विवेक का अभाव होना मोह कहलाता है। धर्मअधर्म? सत्यअसत्य? आत्माअनात्मा इत्यादि का विवेक न होना मोह है। किसी भी कर्म में सावधानी न रखना या वस्तु को अन्य प्रकार से समझना प्रमाद कहलाता है। इसके कारण बाह्य जगत् में सुख की कल्पना करके मनुष्य उसी में भटकता रहता है। सम्पूर्ण समुद्र में क्या एक पात्र भर मधुर जल मिल सकता है वस्तुत नहीं? परन्तु तमोगुण के वशीभूत पुरुष उसी के लिए प्रयत्न करता रहता है और जब उसे दुख भोगने पड़ते हैं? तो इसका दोष वह जगत् को देता है यह सब्ा तमोगुण का कार्य़ है।आगे कहते हैं

Sanskrit
English
सत्त्वात्
from purity
सञ्जायते
arises
ज्ञानम्
knowledge
रजसः
from activity
लोभः
greed
एव
even
च
and
प्रमादमोहौ
heedlessness and delusion
तमसः
from inertia
अज्ञानम्
ignorance
एव
even
च
and.
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More from Chapter 14

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14.1The Blessed Lord said I shall speak again of the supreme Knowledge, the best of all knowledges, by realizing which all the contemplatives reached the highest Perfection from here.14.2Those who attain identity with Me by resorting of this Knowledge are not born even during creation, nor do they suffer pain during dissolution.14.3My womb is the great-sustainer. In that I place the seed. From that, O scion of the Bharata dynasty, occurs the birth of all things.14.4O son of Kunti, whatever forms are born from all the wombs, of them the great-sustainer is the womb; I am the father who deposits the seed.14.5O mighty-armed one, the alities, viz sattva, rajas and tamas, born of Nature, being the immutable embodies being to the body.14.6Among them, sattva, being pure, [Nirmala, pure-transparent, i.e., capable of resisting any form of ignorance, and hence as illuminator, i.e.a revealer of Consciousness.] is an illuminator and is harmless. O sinless one, it binds through attachment to happiness and attachment to knowledge.14.7Know rajas to be of the nature of passion, born of hankering and attachment. O son of Kunti, that binds the embodied one through attachment to action.14.8On the other hand, know tamas, which deludes all embodied beings, to be born of ignorance. O scion of the Bharata dynasty, that binds through inadvertence, laziness and sleep.14.9O scion of the Bharata dynasty, sattva attaches one to happiness, rajas to action, while tamas, covering up knowledge, leads to inadvertence also.14.10O scion of the Bharata dynasty, sattva increases by subduing rajas and tamas, rajas by overpowering sattva and tamas, and tamas by dominating over sattva and rajas.